OMTech 80W CO2 Laser

From Grand River Makerspace Wiki

OMTech 80W CO2 Laser

⚠️ NEVER LEAVE THE LASER UNATTENDED WHILE RUNNING ⚠️

The OMTech 80W CO2 laser is GRM's primary workhorse machine for cutting and engraving a wide range of non-metal materials. This page covers software, setup, settings, safety, and tips to help you get great results.

📄 OMTech 80W Laser — Master Document List — manuals, guides, and reference documents for this machine.


Software

LightBurn (Recommended)

LightBurn is the primary software for controlling the laser and designing files. It runs on the dedicated computer and large monitor next to the machine.

GRM Members: 75% off LightBurn Pro (~$50 instead of $199). Ask a staff member or volunteer for the discount code, or email chris@grandrivermakerspace.org.

See the Software & Design section of the main laser page for full details and tutorial videos.

Other Design Software

You can design in any of the following and import into LightBurn:

Software Cost Export Formats Notes
Inkscape Free SVG Native SVG works great with LightBurn
Affinity Designer Free SVG, PDF, EPS Professional-grade vector tool
Adobe Illustrator Paid SVG, EPS, DXF, DWG, AI Industry standard
Any 2D/3D CAD program Varies DXF, DWG Export as DXF or DWG for best results

File Formats

The CO2 laser works with 2D flat files only — no 3D formats.

Vector Files (preferred for cutting and engraving)

  • SVG, DXF, DWG, EPS, AI
  • Can be scaled to any size without losing quality
  • Allows you to assign different laser operations to different areas of your design

Raster Files (for photo engraving)

  • JPEG, PNG, and other pixel-based images
  • Used with LightBurn's dithering/raster engraving mode
  • Works well for high-resolution photos (pets, portraits, etc.)
  • Produces a dot-pattern effect — closer dots = darker tones

To convert a raster image to vector: use the trace function in Inkscape, Adobe Illustrator, or Affinity Designer.


Startup Procedure

Complete all four steps in order before operating the machine:

  1. Power on the laser
  2. Turn on the air compressor
  3. Turn on the water chiller
  4. Turn on the exhaust fan — set to 10; listen to confirm it's running

⚠️ If the exhaust fan isn't running, the workspace will fill with smoke. Always confirm it's on before starting a job.


Focusing the Laser

You must manually focus the laser nozzle to your material before every job.

  1. Press the C/U button on the laser control pad to enter bed movement mode
  2. Use the left/right arrow buttons to raise or lower the bed
  3. Use the focus distance stick (stored near the machine, attaches by magnet) to set the correct gap between the nozzle and the material surface

⚠️ Autofocus is currently not working. Do not use the autofocus button — always focus manually.

Available Lenses

Lens Focal Length Spot Size Best For Focus Stick Notes
Standard lens 2 inches Small/precise Detail engraving; cutting up to ~1/4" 2" focus stick (black) Default lens; installed on the machine
Optional lens (orange) 1.5 inches Very small/very precise Fine detail work; small text; high-resolution engraving 1.5" focus stick Stored separately; ask staff for assistance
4" lens 4 inches Larger Cutting thick materials (1/2"–3/4"+); uneven or slightly warped surfaces 4" focus stick Ask staff — not installed by default

⚠️ Each lens requires its own matching focus stick. Using the wrong focus stick will result in an incorrect focal height, leading to poor cut/engrave quality. Always confirm you are using the focus stick that matches the installed lens before starting a job. Focus sticks are stored near the machine and labeled by lens size.

When to Use the 4" Lens

The 4" lens is a specialty option worth knowing about:

  • Thick material cutting — the longer focal length allows the laser beam to maintain focus over a greater depth, making it better suited for cutting materials over 1/2" thick
  • Warped or uneven materials — the 4" lens is more forgiving on surface irregularities, making it suitable for materials that are not perfectly flat
  • Deep engraving on wood — ideal for applications like awards, plaques, and specialty boxes where depth of cut is important

Trade-offs to be aware of:

  • The larger spot size reduces the detail achievable in engraving — not ideal for fine text or intricate designs
  • Cutting speed may be slower on thinner materials compared to the standard 2" lens
  • You will need to re-focus using the appropriate focus stick for the 4" lens — the standard focus stick will not give the correct height

When in doubt, start with the standard 2" lens. Ask a staff member or volunteer if you think your project may benefit from the 4" lens.


LightBurn Settings

Layer Types

Every object in your design gets assigned to a colored layer. The two most useful modes are:

  • Fill — for engraving (fills in a solid shape)
  • Line — for cutting or outline engraving

You'll typically only need 1–2 layers per project (e.g., one engrave layer + one cut layer).

⚠️ Layer order matters: Run engraving operations first, cutting operations second. This prevents cut pieces from shifting before engraving is complete.

Power & Speed

⚠️ IMPORTANT — This machine does not fire below 35% power. If your power setting is below 35%, the laser will run the job but produce no output. Always set a minimum of 35% power or the laser will not fire.

These two settings work together:

  • Lower speed at the same power → darker/deeper result
  • Higher speed at the same power → lighter result
  • Higher power → darker/deeper mark, risk of burning through

Starting point settings for Baltic birch plywood (1/8"):

Operation Speed Power
Light engrave 50 35–40%
Deep engrave 50 55–65%
Cut (1/8") 15 75%
Cut (1/4") Slow, multiple passes 75%

⚠️ Avoid running long jobs above 75–80% power — it shortens the life of the laser tube.
⚠️ Do not exceed ~300–350 mm/s for engraving — the machine will shake and produce poor results.

Line Interval (Lines per Inch)

Think of this like layer height in 3D printing:

Interval Result Best For
0.2–0.45mm Faster, less detail Large text, signs
0.1mm Balanced Good all-around starting point
0.05–0.06mm Slower, more detail Fine detail work

Min/Max Power

When double-clicking a layer to access advanced settings:

  • Max power — your main power setting
  • Min power — set 3–5% below max; helps reduce charring on corners and curves

Kerf Offset

If you're cutting joinery (e.g., finger joints, press-fit boxes), calibrate a kerf offset in the layer settings to account for material removed by the laser beam.


Coordinate Systems & Origin

LightBurn offers three coordinate modes — choose one before framing or running your job:

Mode How It Works Best For
Absolute Coordinates Uses machine home (back-right corner) as 0,0 Repeatability with fixed jigs
User Origin You set origin on the machine controller; select matching dot in LightBurn's 3×3 grid Aligning to a specific corner or edge
Current Position Job starts wherever the nozzle currently sits Quick one-off jobs

Centering tip: Find the center of your material, mark it lightly, move the nozzle there, and select the center dot in LightBurn's 3×3 origin grid.


Framing & Preview — Always Do This First

Before running any job:

  • Frame (square icon) — Traces a bounding box around your design. Confirms the job will land where you expect.
  • Contour Frame / Rubber Band (circle icon) — Traces the outer edges of your actual design shape. Useful for maximizing scrap material.
  • Preview (monitor icon) — Shows an estimated run time and a simulation of what will be engraved/cut.

Material Test Cards

When working with an unfamiliar material, always run a test card first rather than committing to your full workpiece.

In LightBurn, generate a material test grid that varies power, speed, and line interval. Run it on a scrap piece of the same material, then identify the settings that produced the look you want.

Quick alternative: Cut small shapes (1/4" or 1/2" circles/squares) on scrap to verify cut-through before running a full job.


Materials Reference

✅ Approved Materials

Material Cut Engrave Notes
Thin plywood (up to 1/4") Yes Yes Slow speed or multiple passes for thicker stock
Baltic birch plywood Yes Yes Best all-around material for CO2
Acrylic (cast, 1/8") Yes Yes ~5 speed, 75% power; slower than wood
Glass No Yes Engrave only; cannot cut through
Granite / Stone No Yes Engrave only
Leather (veg-tanned only) Yes Yes Chemical-free only — see warnings below
Cardboard / Paper Yes Yes Low power; monitor closely for fire
Natural fabrics Yes Yes Low power; watch for ignition

❌ Never Cut These Materials

Material Why
PVC / Vinyl Releases chlorine gas — dangerous to people and damages the machine
Chrome-tanned Leather Contains toxic chemicals that release harmful fumes
Polycarbonate (Lexan) Produces toxic fumes; catches fire easily
ABS Plastic Releases cyanide gas
Fiberglass / FR4 Releases carcinogens
Foam with unknown coatings Risk of toxic fumes

⚠️ If you don't know what a material is made of, don't cut it. When in doubt, ask a staff member or volunteer.


Safety Rules

  • Always stay by the machine while it's running. Never leave a running job unattended.
  • If you need to step away: hit Pause on the machine — it will stop mid-job and you can resume when you return.
  • Ask another member or the on-duty volunteer to watch your job if you must step away briefly.
  • CO2 fire extinguisher is located to the left of the machine against the wall.
  • Fire blanket is also located near the machine on the East Wall.
  • Air assist should be on for most jobs — it clears smoke from the cut zone and improves cut quality.

See Emergency Procedures on the main laser page for emergency contact and equipment locations.


Helpful Features

Batch Processing Tips

When running large batches (e.g., 100 name tags from a sheet):

  • Work in rows — if something fails, you don't lose the whole sheet
  • Use Tool Layers (T1/T2) — objects on tool layers are used for selection/framing reference but the laser won't fire on them; useful for alignment geometry

Power Resume

If there's a power outage mid-job, the machine has a job resume function — you don't necessarily have to start over.

Saving Your Settings

Keep a record of your successful settings — don't rely on memory:

  • Save your LightBurn project files with descriptive names (e.g., slate-coaster-2025)
  • Store files in Google Drive or on a flash drive
  • The built-in material library in LightBurn is community-edited and may not be accurate — use it as a starting point, not gospel

Rotary Engraving

Rotary engraving (for tumblers, cups, etc.) on the CO2 laser is an advanced setup. GRM offers a dedicated tumbler engraving workshop — see our events page for upcoming dates.

See Accessories on the main laser page for full rotary attachment details, setup documentation, and workshop links.

Tip: For powder-coated tumblers specifically, the UV laser is currently an easier option — less setup, less invasive process.


Design Resources

Resource Description Link
Cuttle Parametric laser design templates; outputs SVG for direct import into LightBurn. Free tier available. cuttle.xyz
Etsy Many free/paid laser-ready SVG and DXF files etsy.com
Maker World Free laser-ready files from the maker community makerworld.com
Thingiverse Free community files including laser designs thingiverse.com
GRM Discord / Volunteers Ask for help with settings, file prep, or troubleshooting Ask at the space or in Discord

Troubleshooting & Staff Notes

  • Master Document List: OMTech 80W Laser — Master Document List — all manuals and reference docs in one place.
  • Autofocus: Currently disabled — do not use the autofocus button. Always focus manually.
  • Lens condition: Lenses get dirty and need periodic cleaning or replacement. If cuts are inconsistent or quality has dropped, the lens may need attention — flag for a knowledgeable volunteer.
  • Minimum power threshold: This machine does not fire below 35% power. If a job produces no output, check that all layer power settings are at 35% or above.
  • Questions or issues: Leave a note on the whiteboard by the machine, or flag the on-duty volunteer.